Inquiry question: How do we systematically name organic chemical compounds?
investigate the nomenclature of organic chemicals, up to C8, using IUPAC conventions, including simple methyl and ethyl branched chains, including:
alkanes
alkenes
alkynes
alcohols (primary, secondary and tertiary)
aldehydes and ketones
carboxylic acids
amines and amides
halogenated organic compounds
explore and distinguish the different types of structural isomers, including saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, including:
chain isomers
position isomers
functional group isomers
Hydrocarbons
Inquiry question: How can hydrocarbons be classified based on their structure and reactivity?
construct models, identify the functional group, and write structural and molecular formulae for homologous series of organic chemical compounds, up to C8 :
alkanes
alkenes
alkynes
conduct an investigation to compare the properties of organic chemical compounds within a homologous series, and explain these differences in terms of bonding
analyse the shape of molecules formed between carbon atoms when a single, double or triple bond is formed between them
explain the properties within and between the homologous series of alkanes with reference to the intermolecular and intramolecular bonding present
describe the procedures required to safely handle and dispose of organic substances
examine the environmental, economic and sociocultural implications of obtaining and using hydrocarbons from the Earth
Products of Reactions Involving Hydrocarbons
Inquiry question:What are the products of reactions of hydrocarbons and how do they react?
investigate, write equations and construct models to represent the reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons when added to a range of chemicals, including but not limited to:
hydrogen (H2)
halogens (X2)
hydrogen halides (HX)
water (H2O)
investigate, write equations and construct models to represent the reactions of saturated hydrocarbons when substituted with halogens
Alcohols
Inquiry question:How can alcohols be produced and what are their properties?
investigate the structural formulae, properties and functional group including:
primary
secondary
tertiary alcohols
explain the properties within and between the homologous series of alcohols with reference to the intermolecular and intramolecular bonding present
conduct a practical investigation to measure and reliably compare the enthalpy of combustion for a range of alcohols
write equations, state conditions and predict products to represent the reactions of alcohols, including but not limited to:
combustion
dehydration
substitution with HX
oxidation
investigate the production of alcohols, including:
substitution reactions of halogenated organic compound
fermentation
investigate the products of the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols
compare and contrast fuels from organic sources to biofuels, including ethanol
Reactions of Organic Acids and Bases
Inquiry question:What are the properties of organic acids and bases?
investigate the structural formulae, properties and functional group including:
primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols
aldehydes and ketones
amines and amides
carboxylic acids
explain the properties within and between the homologous series of carboxylic acids amines and amides with reference to the intermolecular and intramolecular bonding present
investigate the production, in a school laboratory, of simple esters
investigate the differences between an organic acid and organic base
investigate the structure and action of soaps and detergents
draft and construct flow charts to show reaction pathways for chemical synthesis, including those that involve more than one step
Polymers
Inquiry question:What are the properties and uses of polymers?
model and compare the structure, properties and uses of addition polymers of ethylene and related monomers, for example:
polyethylene (PE)
polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
polystyrene (PS)
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
model and compare the structure, properties and uses of condensation polymers, for example: